The land of Rome

Rome's early history is shrouded in legend. According to Roman tradition, the city was founded by the twins Romulus and Remus on 21 April 753 BC. The legendary origin of the city's name is the traditional founder and first ruler. It is said that Romulus and Remus decided to build a city. After an argument, Romulus killed his brother Remus. Then he named it after himself, Rome. The Roman Empire really began when Emperor Augustus (63 BC - AD 14; also known as Octavian) founded the participate in 27 BC, which was a monarchy system which was headed by an emperor holding power for life, rather than making himself dictator like Julius Creaser had done, which had resulted in his assassination on 15 March,44 BC. At home, Emperor Augustus started off a great programmed of social, political and economic reform and grand-scale reconstruction of the city of Rome. Rome is the national capital of Italy and is the seat of the Italian Government. The official residences of the President of Italian Republic and the Italian prime minister, the seats of both houses of the Italian Parliament and that of the Italian Constitutional court are located in the historic centre. The state ministries are spread out around the city; these include the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which is located in Palazzo Della Farnesina near the Olympic stadium. Rome enjoys a typical Mediterranean Climate that is characteristic of the Mediterranean coasts of Italy. It is at its most comfortable from April through June, and from mid-September to October; in particular, the Roman “ottobrate” (which can be roughly translated as the "beautiful October days") are famously known as sunny and warm days. Rome is a city famous for its numerous fountains, built in all different styles, from Classical and Medieval, to Baroque and Neoclassical. The city has had Fountains more than two thousand years, and they have provided drinking water and decorated the pizzas of Rome. During the Roman Empire, in 98 A.D., according to Sextus Julius Frontinus, the Roman consul who was named curator aquarum or guardian of the water of the city, Rome had nine aqueducts which fed 39 monumental fountains and 591 public basins, not counting the water supplied to the Imperial household, baths and owners of private villas. Each of the major fountains was connected to two different aqueducts, in case one was shut down for service. During the 17th and 18th century the Roman popes reconstructed other ruined Roman aqueducts and built new display fountains to mark their termini, launching the golden age of the Roman fountain. The fountains of Rome, like the paintings of Rubens, were expressions of the new style of Baroque art. They were crowded with allegorical figures, and filled with emotion and movement. In these fountains, sculpture became the principal element, and the water was used simply to animate and decorate the sculptures. They, like baroque gardens, were "a visual representation of confidence and power." Tourism is inevitably one of Rome's chief industries, with numerous notable museums including the Vatican Museum, the Borghese Gallery, and the Musei Capitoline: in 2005 the city registered 19.5 million of global visitors, up of 22.1% from 2001. In 2006 Rome has been visited by 6.03 million of international tourists, reaching the 8th place in the ranking of the world's 150 most visited cities. Rome is also the 3rd most city in the EU, and its historic centre is listed by UNESCO as a World Herit. Public monuments and buildings, such as the Vatican Museums and the Coliseum are amongst the world's 50 most visited tourist destinations (the Vatican Museums receiving 4.2 million tourists and the Coliseum receiving 4 million tourists every year).